Ann Kielkopf » Physical Science Essential Learning Target

Physical Science Essential Learning Target

Physical Science ELTs

Forces and Interactions: Students will apply and identify forces and their interactions.

Energy: Students will describe kinetic and potential energy mathematically and graphically.

History of Earth & It's Systems: Students will model how the earth and its components interact and change over time.

Climate: Students will analyze evidence for global climate change over different time spans.

Human Sustainability: Students will describe human impact on the earth.

Structure and Properties of Matter: Students will relate periodic table patterns to elemental properties.

Chemical Reactions: Students will model chemical bonding for simple chemical reactions.

Measurement and Conversion: Students will use SI units and prefixes in making measurements and calculations.

Space Systems: Students will articulate the formation of the universe, stars, and the elements.

 

Forces and interactions

1. Students will manipulate the second law equation to solve for force, mass or acceleration.

2. Students will analyze position-time graphs for objects with balanced and unbalanced forces acting on them.

3. Students will explain the possible impacts of net and balanced forces on objects.

4. Students will explain the effects of momentum.

5. Students will manipulate the momentum equation to solve for momentum, mass and velocity.

6. Students will show conservation of momentum for two-body collisions in one dimension. (set up)

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  2. Energy

    1. Students will compare kinetic and potential energy.
    2. Students will manipulate the equations for kinetic and potential energy to solve for variables.
    3. Students will calculate and model the conservation of energy during energy transfers.
    4. Students will model energy transfer in terms of the macroscopic object’s position or its particles (KE to thermal energy, GPE, EPE).
    5. Students will design, build, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another

     

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  4. History of Earth and It's Systems

    1. Students will link plate tectonics to the age of crustal rocks.
    2. Students will describe methods used for measuring geologic time.
    3. Students will construct an account of Earth’s formation and early history.
      1. Needs to include water cycle/rock cycle relationship
    4. Students will describe earth surface features form (mountains, valleys, plateaus, sea trenches, mid ocean ridges, and seamounts).
      1. Needs to include time scales, spatial scales, and processes that build up or break down features
    5. Students will describe how matter cycles between earth’s interior and the surface through convection.

     

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  6. Climate

    1. Students will define climate.
    2. Students will give examples of how climate changes (surface temperatures, precipitation patterns, glacial ice volumes, and sea levels).
    3. Students will describe how energy from the sun changes due to Earth’s orbit and tilt.
    4. Students will identify changes in climate as either short term or long term.

     

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  8. Human Sustainability

    1. Students will describe how humans impact the climate.
    2. Students will analyze geoscience data to look for evidence of climate change.
    3. Students will forecast global or regional climate change based on data.
    4. Students will predict how the earth will change because of climate change.
    5. Students will predict the human/civilization implications for the formation of Earth features (feedback effects).
    6. Students will explain how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity.
    7. Students will illustrate the relationship between management of natural resources and sustainability between human populations.
    8. Students will evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems.
    9. Students will illustrate how the ocean, the atmosphere, and the biosphere interact and are modified in response to human activities.

     

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  10. Structure and Properties of Matter

    1. Students will compare protons, neutrons and electrons in terms of charge, mass and location within the regions of the nucleus or electron cloud.
    2. Students will identify the role of the proton in the identity of an atom.
    3. Students will construct several models of specific atoms to show their structure. (Lewis dot and Bohr).
    4. Students will explain periodicity in the context of the periodic table.
    5. Students will identify basic groupings in the periodic table. (metals, nonmetals, metalloids, periods, groups(families)).
    6. Students will predict the numbers of subatomic particles of a single atom using incomplete particle information, mass number or atomic number.

     

    Chemical Reactions

    1. Students will explain stability in terms of valence electrons.
    2. Students will explain oxidation numbers of main group elements.
    3. Students will explain the nature of ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding in terms of what the electrons are doing.
    4. Students will model ionic bonding using Lewis dot diagrams.
    5. Students will write chemical formulas for simple compounds (no polyatomic ions).
    6. Students will identify products and reactants in a chemical reaction.
    7. Students will identify chemical reaction types from a chemical reaction.
    8. Students will determine the number of atoms in a chemical formula using coefficients and subscripts.
    9. Students will identify the polarity of simple compounds by knowing that N,O, and F pull harder on electrons.
    10. Students will name simple ionic and covalent compounds.

     

    Measurement and Conversion

    1. Students will identify the SI base units for different types of measurements.
    2. Students will define the values for SI prefixes (giga- through nano-).
    3. Students will convert between prefixes (dimensional analysis).
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  12. Space Systems 
    1. Students will illustrate the life cycle of stars, including short term and long term changes of our sun (how mass changes over time and sunspot cycle).
    2. Students will explain how stars release energy and how that energy reaches earth.
    3. Students will create a timeline for the formation of the universe. (based on astronomical evidence of red-shift, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.)

    7. Students will describe where different elements originate.